Orthopnea is shortness of breath that occurs when a person is lying down and typically subsides when they sit or stand up. It is a symptom rather than a condition. Causes include heart failure or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Learn more a
Spirometry measures the airflow into and out of your lungs. A lung volume test measures the amount of air your lungs can hold. The amount of oxygen that gets into your blood when you breathe may also be measured. How is chronic bronchitis treated?
This chapter summarizes the methodological issues and empirical findings on the acuity of perception of interoceptive information, dubbed interoceptive accuracy. Both homeostatic (classic visceroceptive channels, thermosensation, itch, pain, affective to
Determining the exact prevalence of AIE is made difficult by barriers including: 1) under-diagnosis due to decreased perception or under-reporting of symptoms by patients [21], 2) suboptimal utilization of spirometry and other diagnostic tests, 3) misclassification of asthma as chronic obstructive pu...
[47] noted that for achondroplasia, the 6 min walk test may be an effective, adaptable, and viable method to assess not only cardiorespiratory capacity but also mobility and quality of life in individuals with SD, while using the Borg scale to measure intensity [77]. In this population, ...