1. When a chemist speaks of equilibrium, what does he or she mean? Specifically, what is equal in an equilibrium? 2. A mountain river flows into a lake. The level of the lake varies depending on the When observing a solution at equilibrium, it appears to be stationary, as if no chemi...
(flownp, maxF=500.0, n=8, mask=None, hueMax=179, angShift=0.0): """ Show a optical flow field as the KITTI dataset does. Some parts of this function is the transform of the original MATLAB code flow_to_color.m. """ ang, mag, _ = _calculate_angle_distance_from_du_dv( flow...
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The definition is very simple. For each of the two categories of the dependent variable, calculate the mean of the predicted probabilities of an event. Then, take the difference between those two means. That’s it! The motivation should be clear. If a model makes good predictions, the cases...
Thus, the time to escape the trap is roughly the same as the mean fire interval, which gives the forest a chance to invade the savanna. Each forest cell disperses one propagule per year in a random direction with distance as a random deviate from a negative exponential distribution (mean ...
It is important to acknowledge that our framework does not explicitly address the question of theoriginof forest and savanna mosaics (Petraitis and Latham1999). In many parts of the world there remains considerable controversy as to whether savannas are the result of anthropogenic fire-activity or ...