Moreover, HIV-positive patients are susceptible to bile duct infection caused by Microsporidia,Cryptosporidium,or CMV.4,5Obtain a CT scan to search for focal lesions in the liver and bile duct dilation. A liver biopsy may be necessary to identify the pathogen. Case 5: Middle-aged Woman With ...
With intrahepatic shunting, the biliary system is at risk due to its single blood supply from the hepatic artery via the peribiliary plexus. Arteriovenous shunting can cause ischemia of the bile ducts which leads to strictures, dilation, and biliary cysts (Garcia-Tsao2007). Clinical presentation o...