Describe chloroplasts and mitochondria. (a) Peroxisomes are the site of what? (b) What properties do peroxisomes share with mitochondria? What is the difference between mitochondria and chloroplasts? What are chloroplasts? Describe their functions. What are the functions of mitochond...
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Both chloroplasts and mitochondria, which exist in modern eukaryotic cells and still retain their own genomes, are thought to have arisen in this manner (Figure 5). Figure 5: The origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts Mitochondria and chloroplasts likely evolved from engulfed prokaryotes that once...
this theory still violates the cell theory. Mitochondria and chloroplasts, while present within the cell, have their owngeneticmaterial and can reproduce independently
CHLOROPLASTSQuinones are found in the lipid membranes of prokaryotes like E. coli and cyanobacteria, and are also abundant in eukaryotic mitochondria and chloroplasts. They are intricately involved in the reaction mechanism of redox phosphorylations. In the Mitchellian chemiosmotic...
catalyzed by ATP synthase, or the synthesis through photosynthesis in plant chloroplasts. The main sources of energy for ATP synthesis are glucose and fatty acids. Each glucose molecule produces 2 molecules of pyruvate and 2 molecules of ATP in the cytoplasm, and finally, in mitochondria, the ...
Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts, a type of plastid (an organelle with a membrane) that contains chlorophyll and is primarily found in plant leaves. Chloroplasts are similar tomitochondria, the energy powerhouses of cells, in that they have their own genome, or collection of genes, contained...
coli and cyanobacteria, and are also abundant in eukaryotic mitochondria and chloroplasts. They are intricately involved in the reaction mechanism of redox phosphorylations. In the Mitchellian chemiosmotic school of thought, membrane-lodged quinones are perceived as highly mobile conveyors of two-electron...
In general, chloroplasts have a biconvex/planoconvex shape. Like some of the other organelles found in eukaryotic cells (e.g.mitochondria), these organelles have a double membrane. This membrane also has similarities to the cell membrane and regulates the movement of material in and out of the...
While photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells where light is abundant, photorespiration primarily takes place in the mitochondria and peroxisomes, indicating a complex interaction between different cellular components. The conditions favoring photosynthesis and photorespiration also differ; photos...