Layer 1: Physical layer network protocols Interfaces between network medium and devices. Defines optical, electrical, and mechanical characteristics. Though some say the OSI model is now redundant and less sign
As with standard Ethernet communication, EtherCAT utilizes Ethernet frames to transmit data throughout the network. EtherCAT frames are based on the IEEE 802.3 Ethernet standard; however, they are structured in a special way that optimizes them for increased bandwidth and short cyclic process data. ...
Protocols are rules that govern how data is formatted and sent over a network. TCP and UDP are two different methods for doing the same job: transferring data via the internet. They enable servers and devices to communicate so you can send emails, watch Netflix, play games, and browse web...
If a configuration file is used for batch deployment, a ciphertext password is configured and the cipher parameter is generally used in the password configuration. If a ciphertext password is configured, you need to enter a plaintext password when logging in to a device using pr...
To resolve this, plan and synchronize VLAN configurations, use VLAN pruning , and implement VLAN trunking protocols. In conclusion, proper VLAN design and implementation are essential for a well-organized and efficient network infrastructure. Hope the information provided in this article has been ...
Routing protocols Routing protocolsenable the DMVPN to find routes between different endpoints efficiently and effectively. To build ascalableand stable DMVPN, it's important to choose the right routing protocol. One option is to use Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) as the interior routing protocol...
GRE enables the usage of protocols that are not normally supported by a network, because the packets are wrapped within other packets that do use supported protocols. To understand how this works, think about the difference between a car and a ferry. A car travels over roads on land, while...
Paul Barbagallo Contributor Paul is a writer, editor, and content strategist who began his career reporting on business and politics. He became a political and policy correspondent in Washington, D.C., and wrote about net neutrality, media mergers, and the rise of the mobile economy in his ...
Topology.Admins scaling out a network may need additional controllers that can also speak with one another, not just between the application and infrastructure layers. Different vendors use different methods of handling this communication, so check with vendors to confirm the hardware fits the organiza...
Note that routers tend to use routing tables in a bid to ascertain the next hop address where the packet should be forward to. What are the different Routing protocols? Knowing the different routing protocols is important. The following information should open your eyes: ...