(1) 保护性管辖权(jurisdiction based on protection of certain states'interests)是国家以保护本国国家和人民利益为标准,对外国人在外国实施的犯罪行使的管辖权。普遍性管辖权(jurisdiction based on universal interests)是以保护国际社会的整体利益或者普遍利益为标准,而不论犯罪人具有何种国籍、犯罪发生在何处,任何...
The article explores the limits of the ECJ's exclusive jurisdiction by addressing two main issues: firstly, whether there are exceptions to that exclusivity, such as the application of the CILFIT case law or the exclusion of Community law from the dispute. Secondly, it asks whether other intern...
1, the linear structure: every member of the organization under the direct management of its direct authority; everyone in the organization only to a higher level of direct reports, "one person, one head"; managers in their jurisdiction , To have absolute authority or the full term...
“Universal jurisdiction is simply the realization that there are crimes which are crimes not against a particular people living in one particular place, but crimes against all of humanity. And so therefore, the jurisdiction is all of humanity, it’s universal.” ...
Who are the NPC deputies and CPPCC members? NPC deputies are lawmakers. They are elected by the People's Congresses in provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities under the direct jurisdiction of the central government. The armed forces select their own deputies. Election of...
“Universal jurisdiction is simply the realization that there are crimes which are crimes not against a particular people living in one particular place, but crimes against all of humanity. And so therefore, the jurisdiction is all of humanity, it’s universal.” ...
An important enforcement agency in the U.S. is the Federal Trade Commission (FTC). Its authority to regulate on behalf of consumer protections comes fromThe Federal Trade Commission Act(FTC Act), which has broad jurisdiction over commercial entities under its authority to prevent unfair or "decep...
Indemnity rules vary by jurisdiction and contract type. However, indemnification typically works like this: A specific event or action triggers the indemnification process. This could be a breach of contract, a lawsuit, or malpractice. Next, the indemnified party will be notified that there is ...
What Are the Regulatory Risks of Cryptocurrency? Regulatory changes within and differences across jurisdictions make up the most significant regulatory risks. As of November 2024, the U.S. is still ironing out which agencies have specific jurisdiction and is working on reporting requirements. ...
For an interest rate swap, two types of interest rates are required: a fixed interest rate and a floating interest rate. The fixed rate is the predetermined rate that one party agrees to pay, while the floating rate is based on a reference rate such as a government bond yield. ...