What are structural reforms and what challenges do they face? We must start by understanding what the idea implies. First, it calls for a new approach, a general vision of the economy as an integrated system, where policy complementarities abound. Second, it expresses a certain understanding of...
Are structural reforms growth enhancing? Is the effectiveness of reforms constrained by a country's distance from the technology frontier or by its institutional environment? This paper takes a new and comprehensive look at these questions by employing a novel data set that includes several kinds of...
Endogenous growth theory posits that economic growth is primarily driven by internal factors such as human capital accumulation, technological innovation, and institutional development, rather than exogenous factors like capital accumulation or populatio
Typically, full convertibility for current account transactions accompanying trade liberalization have been either prior or simultaneous reforms, which are then complemented with varying degrees of convertibility on the capital account. Capital-account liberalization measures broadly cover the following, in ...
Nevertheless, the challenges ahead are daunting. Aoun must also tackle endemic corruption, address Lebanon's sectarian divisions, and balance relations with regional powers while avoiding entanglement in external conflicts, experts noted.■
The reforms that affect the efficiency of the economy and improvement, in the long run, are termed as structural measures or reforms.Answer and Explanation: Liberalization is one of the important structural reforms undertaken with the motive of opening up the economy for private players. The t...
Individuals are certainly capable of evil … But individuals are capable of all sorts of things. Human nature has lots of ways of realising itself, humans have lots of capacities and options. Which ones reveal themselves depends to a large extent on the institutional structures. If we had insti...
What are the specific contextual conditions under which intellectual property courts efficiently resolve intellectual property disputes? Reforms, patent boom, and regional differences In 1978, Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping advocated for the reform and opening-up policy, along with the ‘Four Modernisations...
Under the guidance, new institutional innovations and policy tools to support the decarbonization push, including a national carbon market that started trading last July, are expected to play a more prominent role in 2022. A research report by Morgan Stanley last year said that it expected stronger...
“And if the people of America are going to continue to elect people who use fear and anger to motivate, we’re going to continue to find it more difficult than it should be to get things done in Congress,” he said. Frost thinks unless there are institutional reforms — campaign finan...