Immanuel Kant was one of the most influential philosophers in the whole of Europe, who changed Western thought with his examinations of reason and the nature of reality. In these writings he investigates human progress, civilization, morality and why, to be truly enlightened, we must all have ...
Of all philosophers, it is arguably Kant who took such questions most seriously, addressing them above all in his celebrated short essay, An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment? In this engaging and lucid book, Samuel Fleischacker first explains and assesses Kant's philosophy of ...
The Enlightenment or the Age of Reason was the ideology that reason, logic, and the philosophers' belief that the universe was a mechanical clock, a theory of the power of mathematics to demonstrate the beauty of logic. Is it logical that humans are chattels? Is it logical that...
intensive retreats, publications, and ongoing dialogues with leading philosophers, mystics, and activists, he is becoming a defining voice in an international alliance of individuals and organizations that are committed to the transformation of
The Enlightenment Period is also referred to as the Age of Reason and the “long 18th century”. It stretched from 1685 to 1815. The period is characterized by thinkers and philosophers throughout Europe and the United States that believed that humanity could be changed and improved through scie...
The ideas of Pascal, Leibniz, Galileo and other philosophers of the previous period also contributed to and greatly influenced the Enlightenment; for instance, according to E. Cassirer, Leibniz’s treatise On Wisdom "... identified the central concept of the Enlightenment and sketched its ...
1. IntroductionThe Enlightenment: we accept the label without reflection. It suggests a closely knit organization of philosophers and literati who preached a consistent doc- trine. And the amazing thing is that there is such a unity, perhaps not of doctrine but rather of purpose. The Enlightenmen...
it will be impermanent. What is not permanent is not worth striving for. So I say the Self is not reached. You are the Self;you are already That." Or the great Zen Master Huang Po, " That there is no reaching enlightenment is not idle talk, it is the truth. Hard is the meaning...
一、政治哲学问题【政治哲学与善】雅典与耶路撒冷。“所有政治行动的目标不是保守就是变革。当渴望保守时,我们希望不要变得更糟;当渴望变革时,我们希望能带来更好的东西。所有的政治行动因而都由某种更好或更糟的思想引导。但关于更好或更遭的思想隐含着关于善的思考。引导着我们所有行动的对善的意识具有意见的特点...
The Enlightenment The driving force behind the Enlightenment was a comparatively small group of writers and thinkers from across Europe and North America who became known as the 'philosophes,' which is French for 'philosophers.' A concise definition of the Enlightenment is difficult to make, but...