Benowitz NL, Bernert JT, Caraballo RS, Holiday DB, Wang J. Optimal serum cotinine levels for distinguishing cigarette smokers and nonsmokers within different racial/ethnic groups in the United States between 1999 and 2004. Am J Epidemiol. 2009;169(2):236–48. ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar Leende...
GC methods are less affected. However, measurement of COHb does not quantify free CO, which is mainly responsible for toxicity mechanisms other than hypoxia, such as inhibition of hemoproteins, thus underestimating the true CO burden. Therefore, measurement of COHb is ...
Nicotine saliva tests are not as dependable as urine tests are, which is a shame because many health and life insurance companies use the test to determine qualification and rates for health insurance. My job's health insurance required me to get a nicotine and drug test and used the saliva...
Factors associated with discrepancies between self-reports on cigarette smoking and measured serum cotinine levels among persons aged 17 years or older third National Health and nutrition examination survey, 1988–1994. Am J Epidemiol. 2001;153:807–14. Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar Stringhini ...
Coronaviruses and other respiratory viruses are less resistant to sterilization methods; hence, sufficient levels of disinfection can be achieved for the reprocessing of personal protective equipment and supplies, and ultraviolet C (UV-C) irradiation can be effective for this purpose. Many health ...
Tobacco use– Smokers are more at risk for having a heart attack or stroke so the insurance company will check for nicotine levels in your blood. Cotinine, the key ingredient in nicotine, can also be detected through saliva or hair samples so be prepared to hand them over if the insurance...
TSP levels measured using the Sidepak were also found to be associated with different biomarkers of smoke exposure as hypothesized. Mean urinary cotinine concentrations in 13 exposed individuals dropped 90% (p<0.001) after the law and mean urinary total NNAL, a tobacco-specific carcinogen metabolite...
The FTND correlates poorly with a diagnosis of nicotine dependence based on the International Classification of Diseases-10 (r= .32), the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-III (r= .24), and the DSM-IV (r= .32) [4]. It correlates well with CO and cotinine levels, but these are not th...
When we do not know the raw data from which a grouped data distribution was obtained, we cannot know the numbers that fall into a class interval. The frequency indicates the number of data in each class, but we cannot know what those numb...
Elevated blood sugar levels. Liver and kidney functions. Diabetes. Hepatitis. Cocaine and other illegal drugs. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, which can indicate prostate cancer. Nicotine use (cotinine), whether from cigarettes, e-cigarettes, cigars, pipes, chewing tobacco, nicotine gum or...