It binds and thus, inactivates its cell-surface receptor Patched-1 (PTC-1), leading to the activation (or rather, un-inhibition) of Smoothened (SMO, a seven-transmembrane protein) which then transmits a signal to the cytoplasmic transcription factors Gli to regulate chondrocyte proliferation and...
And it is easy to find real examples of this change. When Wal-Mart decided to source its milk entirely from cows not treated with bovine growth hormone, the decision was based on consumer demand. When organic farming grew from nothing to a 30 billion dollar industry, it was because of the...
"These movements are made very rapidly, within about 200 milliseconds, but within that time the animal determines where the threat is coming and activates a set of movements to position its legs and wings," Michael Dickinson of the California Institute of Technology said in a statement. "This ...
Wu et al. proved using primary chondrocytes, a histological examination of developing limbs (even growth plates of 60-year-old adults), and PSCs that pre-chondrocytes/progenitor cells can be distinguished by the high expression of BMPR1B, LIFR, and CD146 and the low presence of CD166. In...