Then, we rely on case studies from recent neuroscientific research to systematically discuss the role and limits of both strong and weak reverse inference; in particular, we offer the first exploration of weak reverse inference as a discovery strategy within cognitive neuroscience....
loss_type="xent",# 交叉熵损失inference_ds=train2_ds,# 拿训练数据2推理产生弱监督标签(soft label...
Strong vs Weak Data Typing Systems Strong/weak data types are how a language handles the values it operates on. Will the language quietly make some assumptions when working with the data types and help you out, or will it just stop and complain that it doesn’t know what to do? Let’s...
We ran our implementation of DETIC on our curated dataset using distributed inference on the Greene super-computing cluster at New York University, which comprises a mix of NVIDIA V100, A100, and RTX8000 graphics processing units. Annotation speeds were 0.15 s per image (on average), therefore...
In theory the tradeoffs are clear: a strong commitment device may be more effective in enforcing the behavior of the future self, but the current self may be less likely to participate in the contract at all. An individual may want to commit in some, but not all, future states of the ...
However, trait–phenology correlations were relatively weak throughout, suggesting independent selection on flower morphology vs. phenology. Overall, climate imposed strong selection on flower traits and regulated floral phenology, but without any strong or consistent associations between traits and phenology...
Strong-weak branches:这两个并行分支具有相同的结构,但它们接收的训练注释不同。强分支由精细的标注Xs进行监督,弱分支由粗监督Xw进行训练。由于现有的半监督语义分割方法采用的是单分支网络,而现有的多分支网络从未处理过不同类型的标注,因此对不同类型的标注进行单独处理是一种比较新颖的方法。分支f (Z;θs)和f...
If the instruments used are then strong for x2 but weakly or not informative for x1, the IV estimator for β2 will be well behaved. In Table 5, we show the results for the bias of the 2SLS estimates, for when δ=0 and where we have further set σu1=0.8. All other parameters ...
alone is strong, with BioBERT providing modest gains of 1.0 F1 points on average. Since the label model is orders of magnitude more computationally efficient to train than BERT-based models, in many settings (e.g., limited access to high-end GPU hardware), the label model alone may suffice...
In processual approaches to the sociology of organizations, there are prevalent assumptions differentiating ‘strong’ and ‘weak’ process research. In this paper, we challenge this assumption and suggest a novel, non-dualistic hybrid approach that is m