each containing one or moreSentences, each containing one or moreSpansof text. TheseSpansmay also be tagged with metadata, such asEntitymarkers identifying them as chemical or disease mentions (Fig.4). A candidate is then a tuple of twoSpans. ...
In the electronic health record, using clinical notes to identify entities such as disorders and their temporality (e.g. the order of an event relative to a time index) can inform many important analyses. However, creating training data for clinical entity tasks is time consuming and sharing la...
From establishing the regime as a spatially heterogeneous entity influencing local adoption processes, it follows that apart from policies stimulating niches, complementary local policies that weaken the regime can be equally important. Examples of regime–weakening policies in the case of car-sharing ...
even if the host state alters the conditions.Footnote81The IO is represented at the state level by its office deployed there, known as the country office or mission. If the IO were
mobile robots (entity, agent, or element) r 1 , r 2 ,··· , r n —the subscripts 1, . . . , n are used for notational purpose only. Each robot r i , viewed as a point in the Euclidean plane, moves on this two-dimensional space unbounded and devoid of any landmark. When ...
The full entity ϕ involves four levels of ingredients: k-cells for all of k=0,1,2,3. The two-dimensional boundary of this object consists of the 2-pd γ as domain, and the 2-cell g as codomain; we have dϕ=γ, cϕ=g. The 2-cells h,i and one of the occurrences of ...
then the translation itself is certainly conducted by a conscious entity, the human being so. If however, one removed the human from the translation loop, while at the same time having no identifiable difference in the output obtained through the translation procedure, the question as to whether...
Each entityemanaged by a microservice\(\mu s\)is associated with a dependency counter\(d^e\). This counter indicates how many other entities managed by other microservices refer to entitye. It is initially set at 0. When a microservice\(\mu s'\)wants to create the entity\(e'\)that...
Named locations are not extracted as locations alone; the rules within the OC ontology are used to extract locations against a given OC context where possible. One example is ‘trafficking location’ which uses rules to detect a context regarding an entity (individual, group, asset etc.) being...
is a characteristic of weak process research (Johns 2024). In a process-entity ontology, things and correlative causal mechanisms making up the world are transformed and translated. Ontologically, socially constructed things take primacy: it is what is taken for granted as being present that is ...