The sampling locations are shown in Figure 1. EC, pH, TDS, and different parameters of the groundwater sample were measured in the field using YSI Professional Plus (YSI, USA). The groundwater samples were collected and stored in polyethylene bottles. To eliminate the effects of stagnant ...
To mitigate the potential impact of stagnant water in the pipeline during sampling, this study employed a technique of pumping more than three times the volume of the wells in each borehole. Prior to collecting the samples, the sampling bottles were thoroughly rinsed with the target water ...
Samples were taken after the bore holes were purged through continues pumping to remove the stagnant water’s impact. On-site measurements were performed for the variables, such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), temperature, and total dissolved solids (TDS) measurements. For further analysis, ...