Shortage-sharing agreements are one way of extending limited water supplies during a time of shortage. An example of an agreement can be between multiple water right owners such as tribes and Pueblos, farmers, municipalities, and businesses. These agreements allow senior and junior water rights hold...
There are several governmental and nongovernmental organizations, including UNICEF and Water Aid, working to help poor communities in Asia and Africa obtain sustainable supplies of drinking water and sanitation facilities. Water shortages happen in the United States, too -- many states have programs to...
where CARL is the current annual real loss derived from the annual volume of real losses expressed either as litres/day, litres per connection per day or litres per kilometre of main per day for the hours in the day when the system is pressurized. UARL is the system-specific unavoidable an...
In Taiwan, chloroform, a major THM species, has been found in disinfected water supplies14. Chlorinated DBPs are more common than other types, with THMs usually more dominant than HAAs in drinking water systems15. In 2001, the USEPA set the maximum contaminant level (MCL) for THMs in ...
More than 70 percent of tap water in Beijing's main urban areas is from Danjiangkou, benefiting over 12 million residents, nearly half of the city's total population. Beijing's annual water consumption had been about 3.6 billion cubic meters. But with local supplies at only about 2.1 billio...
Mountain snowpacks are a critical source for downstream water use worldwide66. Dwindling stream water supplies are aggravating increased lowland demand such as the Colorado River basin, promoting political tensions and a need to better understand the mechanisms of mountain discharge for better adaptive ...
Net irrigation water requirement (NIWR) and growth of irrigation water requirement (GIWR) for the main crops in the Al Quassim region were assessed for the current, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5 scenarios. For SSP5-8.5, the GIWR for the 2040s, 2060s, 2080s, and 2100s are expected to ...
In this study, droplet digital PCRTM (ddPCRTM) was used to characterize total Legionella spp. and five specific Legionella species from source (groundwater) to exposure sites (taps and cooling towers). A total of 42–10 L volume water samples were analyz
Following the earthquakes and droughts of the 1980s and early 90s, most Bay Area water agencies became much more intertied, so they can share water supplies much more easily. This was a major accomplishment. Many opportunities for cooperation among Bay Area water utilities remain. Hopefully past...
But first, take a closer look at that fog in your tank and tell me what color it is… NOTE:Consider filling a clear glass mug with the tank’s water to inspect the correct color and find the reason corresponding to it. Also, these handy aquarium essentials will help fix cloudy and tox...