doi:10.1016/0011-2240(86)90108-2Alan P. MacKenzieElsevier Inc.CryobiologyMacKenzie, A. P. Freezing behavior of the system: water, polyethylene glycol. Cryobi- ology 23, 561 (1986).
The ordering effects of charged and polar groups are the key determinants of the freezing point for structured water and the type of ice structure that will be formed when water is confined in cells [11,159]. It should be noted that the freezing point of the interfacial water [57–60] ...
Check the quality of the glycol solution on a quarterly basis and evaluate the anticorrosion effects. For details, consult local water treatment experts. Table A-1 Glycol concentration requirements at lowest temperatures Lowest Recorded Local Temperature Glycol Volume Concentration Freezing Point of ...
Freezing and flash points for methanol or methyl based heat-transfer fluids or brines. Propylene Glycol based Heat-Transfer Fluids Freezing points of propylene glycol based heat-transfer fluids suitable for the food processing industry. Sodium Chloride Water Solutions Freezing point, density, specific...
freezing point is rarely used in chillers because of the possibilities of corrosion and icing in the flow channel. The commonly used fluids in these loops are inhibitor glycols (anti-freeze coolants) due to their much lower freezing points and anti-corrosion properties1. Studies using glycol-...
BEDUNAH, D., TRLICA, M.J.: Carbon dioxide exchange of ponderosa pine as affected by sodium chloride and polyethylene glycol.—Forest Sci. 27: 139–146, 1981. Google Scholar BELFORD, R.K.: Response of winter wheat to prolonged waterlogging under out-door conditions.—J. agr. Sci. 97:...
The freezing point, the enthalpy of fusion and the amount of non-freezable water were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) on hydrated samples with different hydration degree. There is a critical hydration interval (W = 20-30 wt%) in which it is possible to distinguish the ...
.TmandTfrefer to the melting and freezing points of primary ice precipitated within zone III. As shown in (b) and (c), during cooling solution withXaqu = 0.85 from temperature point A, precipitation of primary ice begins at temperature point B and terminates at temperature point C. Be...
On the low temperature side, the heat pump extracts heat from a water/glycol pipeline, which is connected both to the air cooling heat exchangers in the hotel as well as to a sea water plate heat exchanger. Sign in to download full-size image Fig. 5. Principal piping diagram for the ...
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is also a water-soluble biopolymer found in various applications such as toothpastes, as the separator, electrolyte solvent in lithium polymer cells, in phenol skin burns to deactivate any residual phenol as a dispersant, as a polar stationary phase for gas ...