center to the periphery. The target population (N) in this study was estimated to be 95,823 households, which is defined as all residential water consumers in Adama city. The sample size was determined using Yamane’s formula. Yamane (1967) provides a simplified formula to calculate sample si...
such a process is direct electrochemical reduction of metallic lithium from seawater. Lithium sieves that can also serve as solid-state electrolytes based on materials of formula Li1−xAlyGe2−y(PO4)3have been shown to be robust under environmental conditions and can generate pure lithium in ...
evaporationnew formulatotal dissolved solidsdeveloped harbeck formuladeveloped meyer formulasaline lakeurmia lakeEvaporation involves the change in state of a liquid to a vapour. The evaporation rate from salt-water resources depends mostly on saturated vapour pressure above its surface. On the other ...
Evaporation increases both the turbulence kinetic energy and the mean internal energy of the carrier phase by mass transfer. In general, evaporation is ... MASHAYEK,FARZAD - 《Journal of Fluid Mechanics》 被引量: 150发表: 2000年 Operational limits to the Priestley-Taylor formula The Penman-Monte...
The seasonal totals of plant and soil evaporation ranged from 450 to 750 mm or from 36 to 64% of class A pan eva... AB Hearn,GA Constable - 《Irrigation Science》 被引量: 305发表: 1980年 Operational limits to the Priestley-Taylor formula The Penman-Monteith equation (PM) provides a ...
Based on the analysis and calculation of the per capita demand and the efficiency coefficient of different industries, the carrying population and current water resources carrying information of each region under different living standards are obtained according to formula (21). The detailed information ...
The evaporation rate is measured as the difference in water level between consecutive measurements. Then, reference ET may be calculated as: $$ E{T}_0={K}_p{E}_{pan} $$ (A10.1.1) where Epan is the measured pan evaporation (mm/day) and Kp is the pan coefficient which is in ...
The formula is (10.1)AW=FC−WP. The FC might be measured as 5% of water per unit volume of bulk soil for sand, which we shall label A, and might be measured as 50% per unit volume of bulk soil for heavy clay, which we shall call B (Kirkham, 1973). The WP might be 2% ...
Based on the reported literature, the salinity in groundwater is stochastic, and this is because several parameters affect its concentration and magnitude. Those parameters include upward instruction from deep aquifers21, evaporation rate from soil22, irrigation saline water, and wastewater infiltration23...
Where m refers to the clean water production rate,Lvrefers to the latent heat of the water evaporation, which is calculated following an empirical formula from literature20. As mentioned before, the clean water production rate of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd stage in the 3-stage SSA-MD device is ...