Position vector \(\overrightarrow{s}\) : Direction vector \(\overrightarrow{s^{\prime}}\) : Scattering direction vector \({U}_{j}\) : Velocity component (m/s) \({T}_{w}\) : Wall temperature (K) \({\varepsilon }_{w}\) : Internal emissivity \(\Phi\) : Phase fu...
In underwater acoustic target recognition, there is a lack of massive high-quality labeled samples to train robust deep neural networks, and it is difficult to collect and annotate a large amount of base class data in advance unlike the image recognition
When the thrust-type zone caused by rainfall was connected or even overlapped with the retrogressive failure zone caused by the drainage, the landslide would start, which displayed a typical composite failure pattern. The failure mode and deformation mechanism under the coupling actions of water ...
Accordingly, the expectation of the activity of all neurons for a fixed input vector taken over all possible \({\delta }_{ij}^{l}\) variables, and thus the possible ensemble models, can be achieved as: $${E(a}_{i}^{h})=\sum_{l<h}{\sum }_{j}{w}_{ij}^{hl}{{p}_{j}...
we plot azimuthal profiles of the X-ray scattering intensity for the feature at q ≈ 1.01 Å−1 in Figure 2D (i.e., intensity versus azimuth χ, where χ is the azimuth of qz and qxy in scattering the vector polar coordinates, with positive qz at χ = 0° and positive qxy at ...
The spatial pattern of soil erosion by water is illustrated in Fig. 4. Strongly eroded areas are found in the highland regions of East Africa (Fig. 1, Fig. 4), mainly attributable to a combination of a high rainfall erosivity (R-factor, Supplementary Fig. 1b) and relatively steep slo...
learning algorithm; it encompasses a wider range of research, including link-based models (artificial neural network (ANN) and deep learning), tree-based models (decision tree (DT) and randomforest (RF)), and statistical-based models (support vector machine (SVM) and logistic regression (LR))...
(for example, Greene and Johnson1989; Tackenberg2003; Soons and others2004; Nathan and others2011). Recent studies have also shown the importance of surface water as a dispersal vector for riparian plant species (that is, hydrochory; Boedeltje and others2003; Boedeltje2005; Jansson and ...
Duplicated TDFs from three other homologous pairs also showed differential expression patterns upon water deficit stress, whereas duplicated TDFs of M6PI showed the same pattern of expression (Table 2). These data indicate the possibility that products of duplicated genes might play roles in a ...
5a). Such pattern of change is highly similar to what we observed in a previous study of PenP Glu166His mutant, but occurs over a much shorter period (6 seconds vs. 3 minutes)14. Figure 5 Structures of deacylation intermediates reveal critical factors to activate the catalytic water ...