Hundred percent of the surface energy variation was accounted for by the polar component of surface energy; the dispersive component was not affected by surface treatment. These data show that for this polymer the contact angle of a single polar liquid can be used as a robust quantitative ...
The clay-water contact angle emerges as a pivotal parameter essential for elucidating various engineering challenges. Its variability is closely linked to surface charge and ambient temperature, thereby exerting significant influence on soil’s hydraulic properties. However, current research on the joint ...
Investigate surface charge and temperature effects on contact angle by MD method.Determine the liquid phase boundary by extracting density contour plots.Introduce a unified conical curve for quantitative contact angle analysis.Present a nonlinear equation to estimate the variation of clay-water contact ang...
a The surface energy index of a droplet with various contact angles (CAs) by the theoretical calculation (solid curves) and by the hybrid-energy-minimization (HEM) calculation (dotted curves). E0 is the initial surface energy of a droplet with a CA of 180°, and E1 and E2 are the ...
SEM images of (a) CF and (b). CF-PEI.cFT-IR spectra of CF and CF-PEI.dDFT calculation for the adsorption energy of PEI for PS molecules and PHB molecules.eThe water contact angle of CF and CF-PEI.fThe UV-Vis-NIR spectra of CF and CF-PEI.gThe IR photos of wet CF-PEI under...
The temperature effects on capillarity water retention mechanisms have been well studied in the literature, with temperature affecting the interfacial surface tension, fluid-solid contact angle, and enthalpy of immersion [25,78,87]. The study in this work follows a similar approach to these studies...
4.3. Wettability evaluation by static contact angle measurement In this work, the surface wettability is assessed through measurements of static contact angle. As illustrated in Fig. 3, the contact angle is measured into the aqueous phase; hence, the reported values indicate that an increase in th...
and the adsorption energy is uniformly distributed across the surface (Jamali et al.2019). In contrast, the Freundlich model is an empirical equation for non-ideal reversible adsorption, indicating adsorption on a heterogeneous surface with a nonuniform distribution of adsorption heat (Bekele Mekonnen...
As the roughness increases, the contact angle of hydrophobic coking coal gradually increases. The change trend of the contact on the surface of weakly hydrophilic anthracite coal is the same as that of lignite. Due to the local and global differences, the contact angles obtained from the ...
It is also assumed that the reflectivity of the UV reflective surface of the reflector was set to 95%48. The energy and radiation transport equations are discretized using second-order upwind and first-order upwind schemes, respectively. For the transport equation of pathogens’ concentration, the...