Ammonium (NH4+) is a major constituent of many contaminated groundwaters, but its movement through aquifers is complex and poorly documented. In this study, processes affecting NH4+ movement in a treated wastewater plume were studied by a combination of techniques including large-scale monitoring of...
pyrazoles.The simple and readily available aldehydes,malononitrile and phenylhydrazines substrates afforded polysubstituted imidazoles(15 examples)up to 96 % yield.The polyethylene glycol is playing the dual role of solvent and promoter with water in this reaction catalyzed by ceric ammonium nitrate.Vikas...
Nitrite and nitrate, collectively termed (NOx), are converted to nitrogen gas and removed from wastewater by a biological reaction known as denitrification. This process requires very low dissolved oxygen (DO) anda sufficient supply of organic carbon, so nitrate and COD/BOD/DOC monitoring are criti...
It was recently discovered that the anaerobic oxidation of ammonium with nitrite--the 'anammox' reaction, performed by bacteria--was responsible for a significant fraction of N2 production in some marine sediments. Here we show that this reaction is also important in the anoxic waters of Golfo ...
Typically, cerium ammonium nitrate ((NH4)2[Ce(NO3)6], hereafter CAN) or [Ru(bpy)3]3+ is added to an aqueous solution of the catalyst, and O2 evolution is monitored. The underlying idea is that one-electron acceptors may be good reagents to model chemically the light-induced removal of...
1). Ammonia is toxic to aquatic life in relatively low concentrations, and although ammonia and nitrate both contribute to eutrophication in nitrogen-limited waters, nitrate is generally preferable because it has no direct oxygen demand, can be further converted to nitrogen gas by anaerobic ...
Ammonia can also be converted into other forms. For example, it can be combined with nitric acid (HNO3) to form ammonium nitrate (NH4N03). And it can be combined with sulfuric acid (H2S04) to make ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2S04): ...
A process where potassium ammonium sulfate is generated from seawater by reaction of magnesium sulfate (produced by precipitation from chilled bitterns), aqueous ammonia, and potassium tartrate has been proposed; its viability would depend on the efficiency with which tartaric acid could be recycled in...
This treatment increased the adsorption efficacy from 64.2 to 83.2%, which was attributed to the enhanced anion-exchange reaction between the dye and functional groups on the biosorbent surface. Treating biosorbents with surfactants to enhance their removal performance of various organic and inorganic ...
The study involved the determination of electrolytic conductivity and pH reaction of water as well as the content of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen, total phosphorus and sulphates. Thermal stratification was not observed in the investigated pond with the maximum depth of 2.45 m, and oxygen ...