Molecular biology grade water (#BP2819100, Fisher BioReagents, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Pennsylvania, USA) was used for dilutions and as a non-template control during laboratory processing and the RT-qPCR. All PCRs were performed by using a QuantStudio 6 Flex real-time PCR system (Applied ...
LC-MS grade methanol and water were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (UK). Whatman GF/F filters (0.7 µm), ammonium fluoride and formic acid (>95%), were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (UK). Table 1. Lifestyle proxies investigated in this study. Metabolites were included where available. ...
Walter's B fluid (WBF) and second-grade fluids (SGFs), two distinct types of NNNF, have been investigated. The fluid flow is expressed as a system of PDEs, which are simplified into lower order by employing similarity approach. These equations (ODEs) are solved using the Levenberg ...
(Biological grade, pH 8, 0.1 M EDTA, Sigma-Aldrich) was added and the samples incubated for 3 min at 90 °C with occasional shaking. The samples were then bead beaten using the manufacturer’s instructions and afterwards centrifuged at 13,000 r.p.m. for 10 min, to ...
The process is operated at lower temperatures (~40–60 ◦C [6]) compared to the conventional distillation process; accordingly, cheap low-grade heat can be used to heat the feed solution [7]. Compared to conventional thermal desalination processes, the process has smaller footprints, and is ...
Polyphenols were identified by comparing the retention time and the spectrum with the standards, HPLC grade (Sigma-Aldrich). The quantification was obtained using the calibration curve made with the relative standards. Neochlorogenic and chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, and other...
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$$Specific\;energy\left( {{{\text{kJ}}} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{{\text{kJ}}} {{\text{kg}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {{\text{kg}}} \right) = \frac{{P_{o} \times t}}{V \times S}$$ $$Energy\;dose\left( {{{\text{kJ}}} \mathord{\left/ {\vphan...
Triplicate 50 μL PCR amplification solutions were prepared for each sample, containing 25 μL of Premix Ex TaqTM (TaKaRa, Dalian, China), 1 μL of 10 μM forward and reverse primers, 50 ng of extracted DNA and water (RT-PCR grade, Ambion Inc., USA). The thermocycling ...
Phosphate is considered one of the major natural nutrients associated with the sustainment of life on earth. However, its presence in excessive amounts in water bodies may induce adverse environmental impacts. Among the various treatment techniques practiced for the removal of phosphate from aqueous so...