Bryan, K., and S. Manabe, 1988: ‘Ocean circulation in warm and cold climates.’ In Physically-Based Modelling and Simulation of Climate and Climatic Change, Vol. II, M. E. Schlesinger, ed., Kluwer Academ: Publishers, 951–966.
Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction and the Tropical Climatology. Part II: Why the Pacific Cold Tongue Is in the East tropical Pacific is studied in a model for the interaction of equatorial SST, the associated component of the Walker circulation, and upper-ocean dynamics... ...
In the Western Arctic, the largest reservoir of heat in the upper ocean (above ~200 m depth) is Pacific Summer Water (PSW)12,13. PSW originates as Pacific ocean water entering through Bering Strait, and is considerably warmed while transiting across the shallow Chukchi shelf during summer ...
Indian Oceancold eventwarm eventSouth AtlanticcirculationrainrainfallAn important pattern of interannual variability in the southern African region is one where sea surface temperature (SST) in neighbouring waters, particularly in the Agulhas Current, its retroflection region and outflow across the ...
Unprecedented quantities of heat are entering the Pacific sector of the Arctic Ocean through Bering Strait, particularly during summer months. Though some heat is lost to the atmosphere during autumn cooling, a significant fraction of the incoming warm,
Extreme warm episodes in the southeast Atlantic Ocean, known as Benguela Nios, have devastating environmental impacts and have been shown to be remotely forced. To place these extreme events into perspective, the investigation is here extended to minor warm events as well as to cold episodes. To...
Why are the poles warm and the tropics cold, and compared to what? An equivalent question is: what determines the difference in temperature between tropics and poles, and can we understand why that difference has the magnitude it has on the real planet E
Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is fed by waters entering the South Atlantic from the Indian Ocean mainly via the Agulhas Current (AC) system and by waters entering from the Pacific through Drake Passage (DP), commonly referred to as the warm and cold water routes, ...
and values over all other ocean regions are derived from HadISST.b–dThe surface temperature trend over the same period derived from CESM1 simulations with SSTs nudged to HadISST over the Atlantic (b), Pacific (c), and Indian Oceans (d). The regions outlined in green define the locations ...
We then drew the monthly map of the horizontal heat transport, which is obtained as the difference between the vertically integrated heat content and the surface heat flux. We anticipate that its distribution pattern is determined mainly due to the advection by the ocean current if it exists ...