India is the largest democracy by population and has one of the largest deployments of e-voting in the world for national elections. However, the e-voting machines used in India are not end-to-end (E2E) verifiable. The inability to verify the tallying integrity of an election by the publi...
Twitter penetration in the US was 21%25. The US Census Bureau estimates that the US population in 2016, aged 18 and older, was 244,807,00026. This puts a rough estimate of the number of American Twitter users at 51 million. Taking the estimate from our social media-linked survey data ...
A representative cross-section of American adults was ensured by weighing key demographic variables after the survey's completion based on US Census Bureau population parameters. 3.2. Measures 3.2.1. Independent variables Party Identification Information on party identification was collected using three ...
in September 2018, the Commissionproposedextending qualified majority voting — 55 per cent of member states representing at least 65 per cent of the EU population — to three specific foreign policy areas: a collective response to attacks on human rights; an effective application of sanctions and ...
Second, “After the official result has been established, the electoral boards send the ballot papers to the statistical offices of the states (Länder) or, in municipalities which have their own statistical unit, to the municipalities. These sort the ballot papers by population group and ...
Accessibility issues may further alienate segments of the population, exacerbating societal divides [130]. Concerns about integrity and security, fueled by incidents like alleged hacking and foreign interference, deepen public skepticism. Addressing these concerns requires transparency, education, and ...
The VAAs differ strongly in how stakeholders are involved in the questionnaire design process (R5.2, R5.6), though none refer to stakeholder diversity (R5.4) or consider that some parts of the population may not be accommodated (R5.5). Smartvote elicits questions in an open call. As in ...
Furthermore, these MILP modeling assumed a centralized system with an objective function for the entire system, it may not work well when the central control station or communication links are broken. Besides MILP, another group of optimization techniques, a.k.a. population-based evolutionary ...
For example, it could worsen the current political system in a non-democratic society by increasing the level of control over the population (Adeshina and Ojo, 2019; Shahzad and Crowcroft, 2019; De Filippi, 2018; Hofman and Novin, 2018). Indeed, one of the main concerns highlighted during ...
[33]) were chosen because of their diversities and proper functionalities reported in the prior studies. Because the values of OAs’ parameters strongly affected their efficiencies, a trial–error method was employed to regulate them [34]. The initial population size of the algorithms was set to...