Tunable non-volatile photoresponsivity CeO2films were epitaxially grown on (001) STO substrates using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The high quality of the grown single crystalline CeO2film was confirmed by X-
Juice insoluble solids and pectin content increased over the season; however, pectin methylesterase activity remained unchanged. Fruit harvested in the earlier months had lower flavor quality. Juice from later harvests had a higher sugar/acid ratio with less bitterness, while, many important aroma ...
The number of peaks for which aromatic components had not changed as compared with the freshly roasted beans used as a control was determined for coffee beans allowed to stand for 2 weeks at 45° C., followed by calculation of the ratio of those peaks to the total number of peaks. SPME ...
Such inter-mineral Ca isotope differences may result in: (1) large Ca isotope fractionation between melts and residual solids during partial melting (Antonelli et al., 2021; Eriksen and Jacobsen, 2022; Wang et al., 2019); and (2) significant Ca isotope differences between different mantle ...
SSC: soluble solids content (expressed in °Brix). TA: titratable acidity (expressed in meq NaOH/l). Firmness was measured with an 8-mm diameter tip (expressed in kg/cm2). Skin color parameters a* (red chromatic coordinate), b* (yellow chromatic coordinate) and L* (brightness) were ...
VS Volatile solids VFAs Volatile fatty acids 1. Introduction As a consequence of the increasing population and social development, food demand is continuously rising around the world. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO, 2019), food production gives rise to 1.3 billion tonnes of...
For solids, volatile compounds are extracted from the HS. The analytes are then desorbed using heat into the GC injector for analysis [144]. Currently, a wide variety of commercial fibres are available for SPME, each designed to target specific applications and analytes. The most frequently ...
The conversion factors used for calculation of COD equivalents of the carboxylates were (g COD/g acid): 1.07 for acetic acid, 1.51 for propionic acid, 1.82 for butyric acid, 2.21 for caproic acid, and 1.07 for lactic acid. NANOCOLOR® tube tests were used to determine the NH4+-N and ...
but modelled the product as a thin slab at uniform temperature and moisture content. The material surface was considered as shrinking at a velocity (u), which was analogous to the convective flow of moisture transfer, and the shrinkage effect was incorporated into calculation of the diffusion coef...
where CG0 (mg cm−3) is the initial ethanol (i.e., substrate) concentration in the gas phase, b1 (h−1) is a first-order biodegradation rate constant, km is the ratio of a substrate mass in solids/water phase to its mass in the gas phase, x (cm) is a coordinate position in...