通读全文,尤其是第一段的“Infectious disease is all around us. Disease-causing agents, such as viruses, usually have specific targets. Some viruses affect only humans; other viruses live in or affect only animals. Problems start when animal viruses are able to infect people as well, a process...
Newly emerging viruses are not the only ones to plague humans, however. Many viruses that have been known for a long time continue to cause widespread problems. Respiratory syncytial virus, as an example, is a major cause of pneumonia in infants. Despite much effort, it has not yet been po...
Viruses are microscopic infectious agents, and up to 10,000 smaller than mostbacteria. They are the most common biological structure on our planet, being more numerous than animals, plants, fungi, parasites and bacteria together. Viral shapes ...
Viruses are not limited to a single route of spread. VZV, for example, enters the host by the respiratory route and then spreads from respiratory epithelium to the reticuloendothelial system and skin via the bloodstream. Infection of the skin produces the characteristic exanthem of chickenpox. T...
Viruses are infectious agents that consist of genetic material wrapped in a protein coat. Viruses can only replicate (copy and grow in number) when they are inside the host cell of an infected organism. This is because they need the cellular machinery of the host to replicate successfully and...
The hepatitis viruses as emerging agents of infectious diseasesLemon, S. MSYMPOSIA- SOCIETY FOR GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
suggest that giant viruses have common ancestry [2,3,4]. More importantly, megaviruses in protozoa are “hosts” to virophages [5,6,7,8,9] and have a viral defence system named MIMIVIRE (Mimivirus virophage resistant element) which has so far not been described in viruses, including ...
Poxvirusesrepresent the family of viruses that are physically the largest viruses and that possess the largest genomes. Much of thepoxvirusgenome encodes gene products that serve to evadehost immune responses, and that are not required for virus replication in tissue culture. Further, facile technique...
Caco2 cells are classically used and recently a clathrin-dependent pathway for cell entry has been identified [24]. The addition of trypsin, permitting a conformational change of the capsid proteins and maturation to infectious virion, enhances virus infectivity, although the optimal concentration may...
Host Range Restriction and Pathogenicity in the Context of Influenza Pandemic. Influenza A viruses cause pandemics at random intervals. Pandemics are caused by viruses that contain a hemagglutinin (HA) surface glycoprotein to which hu... Neumann,Gabriele,Kawaoka,... - 《Emerging Infectious Diseases》...