The positional nystagmus test (Barany or Dix-Hallpike maneuver) involves moving the individual rapidly from the sitting to the lying position with the head tilted downward off the table at 45 degrees and rotated 45 degrees to one side to assess whether the eyes can maintain a static position w...
1). S-PPPD was mostly secondary to organic diseases such as BPPV, VN, VM, VP, Meniere's disease (MD), stroke, sudden deafness, truma and acoustic neuroma (Fig. 2). The age histogram showed that the age range with the highest levels of anxiety and the highest proportion of p-PPPD ...
These debris/otoliths are considered to originally accumulate after detachment from the neuroepithelium of the utricular macula secondary to a type of degeneration. An idiopathic form, which is assumed to occur spontaneously, is diagnosed when the causative pathology is obscure. However, an association...
In older patients AUV could be related to vascular insufficiency, but its presentation does not differ, and it is hard to distinguish from other forms of AUV based solely on clinical evidence. Anyway, it is indicated to control vascular risk factors through primary and secondary prevention strategi...
in this elderly population with frequently multiple comorbidities, it is difficult to determine which cause has a key role in the onset of vertigo. Unfortunately, it has not been possible to identify the secondary diagnoses and their relative frequency, since the data were inconsistent between the ...
[41]. Reportedly, approximately 97.5% of central positional nystagmus manifests as an atypical direction of nystagmus observed during the Dix–Hallpike maneuver; however, central positional nystagmus secondary to cerebellar or brainstem involvement may mimic and be misdiagnosed as BPPV [41]. The ...