At any given point in three-dimensional space, the direction of the gradient of a scalar function is the direction in which the function is increasing most rapidly, and its magnitude is the rate of change of the
2017, Fundamentals and Applications of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (sCO₂) Based Power CyclesT.C. Allison, ... B. Ertas Chapter Two-Dimensional Cascades Blade surface velocity distributions The details of the flow and velocity variations within the blade passages are not required to derive the ...
A long element is considered along the direction of the initiation points and the warhead center, and a fragment velocity formula is established according to the one-dimensional gas dynamics. Then, based on the influences of the assumptions, such as the rigid constraint of the element, three ...
RNA velocity has opened up new ways of studying cellular differentiation in single-cell RNA-sequencing data. It describes the rate of gene expression change for an individual gene at a given time point based on the ratio of its spliced and unspliced messenger RNA (mRNA). However, errors in ...
Velocity, like position, is a vector quantity which means that it has both a magnitude (how much) and a direction. The direction of the object's velocity is determined with respect to a chosen reference system and can be one-, two-, or three-dimensional....
B.G. Van der Hegge Zijnen: Modified correlation formulae for the heat transfers by natural and by forced convection from horizontal cylinders, Appl. Sci. Res. 6, 129–140 (1956) Google Scholar D.C. Collis, M.J. Williams: Two-dimensional convection from heated wires at low Reynolds numb...
3b). We attribute this increase to the explicit low-dimensional modeling in veloVI that shares statistical strength across all cells and genes. Despite sharing many model assumptions, the velocities estimated for a gene with veloVI were partially correlated on average with their EM counterpart (Fig...
methods of theoretical physics, vol. i and ii. mcgraw-hill, new york (1953) noack, b.r., eckelmann, h.: a low-dimensional galerkin method for the three-dimensional flow around a circular cylinder. phys. fluids 6 , 124–143 (1994) article math google scholar pierce, a...
At equal wall and fluid densities, epitaxial locking is easiest since the wall and fluid are most strongly coupled. On the other hand, for εwf/ε = 2.52 the two-dimensional epitaxial ordering is much weaker, resulting in much different behavior. For example, Ls becomes multi-valued for 1.8...
5.1.4. Two dimensional nucleation controlled growth If the interface is atomically smooth and free of any defects, the growth rate is limited by the nucleation of surface clusters. These clusters must form on the interface in order to create the necessary surface steps for lateral growth. The ...