The total primary fuel consumption was estimated to reach approximately 12,239 Mtoe in 2012; the estimate is 70% higher than that in 1987, as shown in Fig. 1 [1]. Globally, we consume the equivalent of more than 11 billion tons of oil in fossil fuel every year. Crude oil reserves ...
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Currently, it is widely used as the starting point to estimate carbon emissions under different assumptions [86]. Moreover, some studies have carried out inverse estimations, such as analyzing the elasticity coefficient of the influencing factors of carbon emissions in a single region [87]. On ...
from rice and maize but lower than GHG from potatoes. Moreover, plantation size significantly (p< 0.05) affected inputs of labor, machinery, and diesel fuel and further affected the energy rate, energy efficiency, and GHG emissions of sweet potato production. Sweet potato production in small-...
Socioeconomic status (SES) is understood by [4] as a “status attainment model” that describes the stratification process: “inequalities in the family lead to the educational attainment inequalities that result in inequalities in employment status” (p. 441). The SES level of the family has ...
[27] proposed a prediction model based on long short-term memory (LSTM) and sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) structures and applied them to estimate hourly rainfall–runoff. The results show that the proposed model had sufficient predictive power and could be used to improve forecast accuracy in...
Nitrate (15N) and water (2H, 3H, and 18O) isotopic tracers were applied in a study on High Plains aquifers in several parts of the United States to estimate nitrates deposited in the subsurface and their transit duration [31]. Unsaturated areas of the were compared with some of those conn...