Chance theory was founded for modeling complex systems with not only uncertainty but also randomness. As a mixture of randomness and uncertainty, an uncertain random variable is a measurable function on the cha
The variance of a random variable or distribution is the expectation, or mean, of the squared deviation of that variable from its expected value or mean. Thus the variance is a measure of the amount of variation of the values of that variable, taking account of all possible values and their...
753). However, it is well known that uncertainty in a random variable cannot be summarized by one of its moments. In particular, variance is sufficient to characterize variability or risk either under the assumption of normal distributions or under the assumption that the utility function of the...
Complex Number Support: Yes w— Weight 0 (default) | 1 | vector Weight, specified as one of: 0— Normalize by N-1, where N is the number of observations. If there is only one observation, then the weight is 1. 1— Normalize by N. Vector made up of nonnegative scalar weights corr...
Consequently, the covariance structures for the random coefficient model are more complex than compound symmetry. IIC can also be accounted for by creating a residual variance–covariance matrix given a predetermined error covariance structure. In this specification, the time factor must be defined as ...
On the Variances of Asymptotically Normal Estimators from Complex Surveys The Effect of Errors in Means, Variances, and Covariances on Optimal Portfolio Choice Design structure for compensating for variances of a buried resistor in an integrated circuit ...
This MATLAB function returns the variance of the elements of A along the first array dimension whose size does not equal 1.
expand all Alternative Functionality Themanova1function returns the output of thebarttestobject function, and a subset of themanovaobject properties.manova1is limited to one-way MANOVA. References [1] Krzanowski, Wojtek. J.Principles of Multivariate Analysis: A User's Perspective. New York: Oxford...
Definition B.1(Poincaré inequality). A complex random variable ξ is said to satisfy Poincaré inequality with constant α∈(0,∞) if for any differentiable function h:C→C, we have Var(h(ξ))≤1αE[|h′(ξ)|2]. Here C is identified with R2....
Due to the quasi-orthogonality of the PRN codes, if the phases of the incoming signal and its replica are not completely aligned, this final value is very close to zero; otherwise, it peaks [15]. This process is computationally complex due to a large number of different combinations of ...