The current study is on the (construct) validity of IELTS LCT; construct validity is a crucial element for language testing or large scale public tests (Cronbach and Meehl1955; Kane2013,2016). Over the course of the years, some distinguished language testing scholars (Kane2013,2016; Messick197...
it is a lifetime valid certificate. However, the actual effect of the HKSI certificate is actuall...