Conjugated vaccines to prevent Hib invasive disease were first licensed at the end of 1987 and have replaced the earlier polysaccharide vaccines because they elicit substantially higher antibody titers and are effective in young infants.93 The polysaccharide in these vaccines is covalently linked to prot...
Ramon. Toxoids are used to prevent diphtheria, tetanus, botulism, gas gangrene, and staphylococcal infections. Vaccines can be made from the causative agent of a single infection, so-called monovalent vaccines, or from a combination of two or more causative agents, polyvalent vaccines. The latter...
Thehepatitis B vaccineprevents infection and acute clinical disease, and has the additional advantage of preventing chronic complications of infection (chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma).1,2In fact, this vaccine is the first marketed vaccine with the potential to prevent cancer.3...
a.A preparation of a weakened or killed pathogen, such as a bacterium or virus, or of a portion of the pathogen's structure, that is administered to prevent or treat infection by the pathogen and that functions by stimulating the production of an immune response. ...
Also, this nano-complex significantly increased the IFN-纬 and IL-4 cytokine levels compared to the hepatitis B vaccine immunized group. Our findings show that Hep-c can not only preserve the alum capacity to effectively stimulate production of the antibodies but also cover its inefficiency in ...
If an infant recently vaccinated with rotavirus vaccine is hospitalized for any reason, use standard precautions to prevent spread of vaccine virus in the hospital setting. Because of possible risk of transmission of rotavirus vaccine virus to other hospitalized infants, if a preterm infant previously...
a single vaccine composition can be used to prevent or treat infection with a wide variety of influenza A viruses. This may help to overcome some of the problems associated with existing influenza A virus vaccines. In particular, targeting a conserved epitope may avoid the need to frequently dev...
There are no vaccinations that prevent the hepatitis C virus.Vaccinations forhepatitis Aand B, however, are given to patients with HCV to prevent the possibility of acquiring another hepatitis virus. Getting hepatitis A orhepatitis Bon top of hepatitis C can add liver damage or even cause severe...
The development of new generation adjuvants has increased the potential to prevent and perhaps even to treat many more infectious diseases by vaccination. Going forward, advances in investigating and understanding pathogen/host interactions and identifying correlates of protection, along with the accumulated...
(low temperature, phase separations, pH and ionic strength changes, and ice crystal formation among others) which necessitates the presence of lyo- and cryoprotectants as well as other stabilizing additives in the formulation to prevent or minimize the damaging effects of these stresses on the ...