(mol %)Crystallite size (nm)Micro strain x 10−3Energy gap (eV)Refractive index (n) Scherer's methodW–H plots 1 23 30 2.89 5.49 1.945 2 29 23 2.75 5.33 1.919 3 30 20 3.13 4.92 1.933 4 33 21 3.40 4.82 1.924 5 34 30 2.26 4.51 1.893 3.2. Energy band gap estimate In order ...
wherecis the constant speed of light,c/n1determines the velocity of light of CB materials,n1is the value of the refractive index of CB materials,c/n2determines the velocity of light of target signature, andn2is the value of the refractive index of target signature. Optical principle ofelectron...
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The measured maximum refractive index changes in several different germanosilicate fibres fits well with the maximum refractive index changes predicted from the UV absorption change assuming total bleach of the 242 nm band.Dong, L.Archambault, J.L....
Departments of Health and Human Services/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/index.htm), the ICTVdB Index of Viruses (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/Ictv/ICD-10.htm) and the ICTVdB Universal Virus Database (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/index.ht...
This process reaches remarkable efficiency in a fiber with two dispersion zeros, as such a refractive index profile enables phase-matching on both sides of the anomalous dispersion regime, similar to the simultaneous transfer of energy across both sides of the anomalous dispersion regime in the ...
Large climate-induced changes in ultraviolet index and stratosphere-to-troposphere ozone flux. Nat. Geosci. 2, 687–691. Henley, W.J., 1993. Measurements and interpretation of photosynthetic light- response curves in algae in the context of photoinhibition and dial changes. J. Phycol. 29, 729...
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Keywords: UV measurements; UV Index; web presentation 1. Introduction The overexposure to solar UV is a risk for public health. Typical detrimental effects are the acute response of erythema (sun burning) and the longer-term risk of skin cancer. In addition, effects of sun related eye diseases...
The index σ could simply adjust the dose difference using only the surface area parameter S. As shown in Figure 4e,f, the difference in UV dose by the type of plate was also affected by the height of the well. However, among the indices, σ, which does not use height information, ...