Thisphilosophy,utilitarianism,arguedthattherightactorpolicywasthatwhichwouldcause"thegreatestgoodforthegreatestnumberofpeople",alsoknownas"thegreatesthappinessprinciple",ortheprincipleofutility.painandpleasurepointoutwhatweoughttododeterminewhatweshalldothestandardofrightandwrongthechainofcausesandeffectsfastenedtotheir...
At the core of any utilitarian ethics, is principle of utility (also known as the greatest happiness principle). The greatest happiness principle posits the following: Any action that produces the greatest amount of welfare or happiness are right and... Reprints and permissions Cite this entry...
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Bentham’s fundamental axiom states that, “It is the greatest happiness of the greatest number that is the measure of right and wrong.” The concept of hedonic calculus (also known as felicific calculus) was developed by Bentham in his 1789 text, “Introduction to the Principles of Morals a...
This, being, according to the utilitarian opinion, the end of human action, is necessarily also the standard of morality; which may accordingly be defined, the rules and precepts for human conduct, by the observance of which an existence such as has been described might be, to the greatest ...
Why and how do we conclude that an action, performed or contemplated, is right or wrong, good or bad? In the eighteenth century, English philosopher Jeremy Bentham developed the now famous moral theory known as utilitarianism, which is based upon the pleasure principle - a concept whose ...
A limitation of utilitarianism is that it tends to create a black-and-white construct of morality. In utilitarian ethics, there are no shades of gray—either something is wrong or it is right. Utilitarianism also cannot predict with certainty whether the consequences of our actions will be good...
As the second part of this phrase suggests, utilitarianism is concerned with the well-being of all people, not just the person who performs an action or the people most directly affected; in fact, because nonhuman animals can also experience pleasure and pain, their well-being also counts in...
the ethical doctrine that virtue is based upon utility and that behavior should have as its goal the procurement of the greatest happiness for the greatest number of persons. —utilitarian,n., adj. See also:Ethics the philosophical tenets set forth by John Stuart Mill based on the principle of...
最大化).Utilityisdefinedinvariousways,butisusuallyrelatedtothewell-beingofsentient.ThegoalofthistheoryisencapsulatedinBentham'saphorismthat"thegreatesthappinessofthegreatestnumberisthefoundationofmoralsandlegislation."PrincipleofUtility:Oneshouldalwaysactastobringaboutthe “greatestgoodforthegreatestnumber…”The...