A. the greatest good occurs when wealth is equalized. B. the greatest utility of production and consumption results from competitive markets. C. equality of opportunity is an important measure of economic fairness. 相关知识点: 试题来源: 解析...
Mill defines happiness as “pleasure and the absence of pain.” Therefore, a utilitarian thinks that actions are good when they increase humanity’s net happiness, creating more pleasure than they cause pain, and evil when they cause more pain than pleasure. This “greatest happiness principle,...
Bentham’s utilitarianism is sometimes summed up with the slogan “The greatest good for the greatest number.”边沁的功利主义有时被总结为一句口号,“即为最多的人谋求最大的幸福。”
再者, 理論上效益主義可用來使一些不公正的行為合理化, 例如, 警方為了穩定治安而作出違反司法公正的行為。 (參考資料: Robert E. Goodin, “Utility and the good,” in A Companion to Ethics, pp.241-248.) 收藏 分享 下载 举报 用客户端打开 ...
【功利与快乐】否认两种批评:功利是快乐的对立面(utility is opposed to pleasure);功利主义把一切都交给快乐且是最粗俗的快乐处理(referring everything to pleasure, and that too in its grossest form)从伊壁鸠鲁到边沁都把功利理解为快乐本身以及免除痛苦(maintained the theory of utility, meant by it, not ...
1.(Philosophy) the doctrine that the morally correct course of action consists in the greatest good for the greatest number, that is, in maximizing the total benefit resulting, without regard to the distribution of benefits and burdens 2.(Philosophy) the theory that the criterion of virtue is ...
Utilitarianism is a movement in Ethics and Political Philosophy in 19th Century England, which proposed "the greatest good for the greatest number" as the overriding rule in all moral decision. Utilitarianism is the idea that the moral worth of an action is solely determined by its contribution ...
can make more people happy by cooking meat. If I cook only vegetables, I maybe make 9 people unhappy and 1 person happy. So, I can do the greatest good for the greatest number by cooking meat. This, however, does not mean this is good for everyone; the vegetarian may not be happy....
Utilitarianism The ethical theory that believes an act is right if it results in the greatest good for the greatest many; right action determined by the action's consequences. Deontology The ethical theory that believes one has a duty... L Goralnik,MP Nelson - Encyclopedia of Applied Ethics ...
·目的论的理论:强调结果,任何行为都指向更根本的目的(The good is defined independently from the right, and then the right is defined as that which maximizes the good.) ·后果论的理论:行为事件的后果是评价该行为的标准。 ·效用最大化原则,预设了所有的价值都可以还原/化约为(理性)欲望的满足...