On Jan. 2, 1959, the USSR launched the first spacecraft beyond the Earth orbit into a trajectory around the Sun. The E1 No. 4 probe was designed to hit the Moon but missed it due to navigational errors. Previous chapter:Unmanned lunar missions ...
When you think about space stations, which ones come to mind first? You might thinkSkylab, theInternational Space Station (ISS), or maybe Russia’s Mir. But before any of those took to the heavens, there was Salyut. Russia’s Salyut 1 was humankind’s first space station. The ensuing Sa...
“This presentation did not take long, rather it was an introduction to the issuance of the main prizes. But it was truly historic, because it was the first Oscar that Russia won,” records allegedly recall actor Tom O’Neill, a participant in that 15th ceremony, as saying. In reality,...
The Vehicle 09 became the first ballistic rocket that GIRD was able to take entirely from paper to the launch pad and the closest to date the Soviet engineers got to launching a liquid-propellant rocket, so important for space enthusiasts. However, the rocket eventually became known as a ...
The Soviet space program, which had already achieved notable successes such as the launch of the first artificial satellite, Sputnik, in 1957, was seen as a key element in the broader Cold War rivalry, symbolizing not only technological prowess but also ideological superiority. One of the most...
It was meant to be a backup communication system, in case the key components of the "Kazbek" command system and the link to the Strategic Missile Forces are destroyed by a decapitation first strike. Another projects were the Polyus spacecraft, also known as Polus, which was a prototype ...
J First - 《Technology & Culture》 被引量: 3发表: 2017年 Space autonomous navigation system of Soviet project for manned fly by Moon The onboard space navigation system "Alpha" for the USSR Project "L-1" of the manned fly by the Moon is described in the Paper. The system was developed...
Not surprisingly, in those years, anything related to space used to attract a lot of attention in the USSR among scientists and general public alike. The SETI problem fit this space-related interest very naturally. It is worth noticing that the first edition of the book Universe, Life, ...
send humans into space in 2003,when Yang Liwei successfully 8) orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft.Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk,followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface.A...
First-year students in a sculpture workshop in Moscow, 1969. Vsevolod Tarasevich/МАММ/MDF At the peak of industrialization in the USSR, the state saw university students as a formidable labor force that could be used on a mass scale. In 1959, the All-Union Leninist Young Communist Lea...