Optocouplers are digital switches. They work by using an LED emitter paired with a photo detector transistor. This means they can be used to allow one circuit to switch a separate circuit without having any electrical contact between the two. Basically, if you put a current through pins 1 an...
ARDUINO UNO: Imagine it as the control room of our robot .Now, there are a lot many development boards, that were considered for this project, but Arduino UNO was simply no match to others. It isn't that our protagonist was superior in terms of its multidimensional features. If that had...
which has a capacity of 32 Mb (4 MB). Although this chip can be programmed using SPI, we’re going to access it as a mass storage device via USB and load data through the computer—just like we would on a thumb drive or an SD card. ...
The application for this design will be a central air heating system (furnace) for residential use. The furnace is controlled by a thermostat as well as a fan and limit control installed in the air heating chamber leading to the warm air duct distribution system....
The capacitor is there to lower the EMI i think, while the transistor is used to control the average voltage to the motor. Think of it as a switch you switch on and off at a high freqency (PWM). For example, if the duty cycle is 50%, that means the transistor is conducting half ...
You could achieve better performance using an electronic switch, such as an optical or hall-effect switch. Demo with AccelStepper The AccelStepper library is a popular library for using stepper motors with the Arduino. In the previous article about stepper motors I used the AccelStepper in a few...
In our application the opto interrupter will be positioned with the rotating encoder wheel in the gap between the LED and transistor. As the wheel spins the slots in the wheel will allow pulses of light to reach the phototransistor, causing it to switch on and off in time with the wheel ...
7. A voltage source with 12Volts 8. hook up wires 9. optional : voltage source socket Step 1: Conecting All Together Schematic •using the NPN transistor BC547 here as a buffer to isolate the first circuit which is the connection to the arduino and the other one with the fan. ...
In the circuitArduino Nanois used, PWM pin D9 is connected to the base pin of the transistor (2N2222) emitter pin is connected to the GND. Power LED’s Cathode pin is connected to the Collector pin of the transistor and the anode pin is connected to 12-volt, A diode is connected pa...
Try to get a male jack power connector for the GSM and arduino, if not just solder the wires directly from power supply to arduino and GSM, which might increase the mess in the project. The transistor drives the relay and the diode protects the circuit from high voltage spikes while switc...