aTemporary culverts shall be installed on existing drainage channels wherever required by the Engineer and of sizes and types ordered by him. Any suitable metal or precast concrete culverts salvaged from an existing road or abandoned bypass may be re-used if in a good condition and approved b...
Long-span flexible corrugated steel culverts are increasingly being used in highway projects in Norway, especially for snow avalanche protections. Construction can be very fast, and the structures have technical and economical advantages compared to conventional concrete structures. Construction control is...
The object of the present paper is to investigate the mechanical property of reinforced concrete walls in three dimensions. Emphasis is placed especially on squat walls without side columns because this should be applicable to seismic performance verification of box culverts. For this purpose, loading...