Animal keepers use the term enrichment to describe the introduction of environmental stimuli into the surroundings of caged animals. In recent years, “environmental enrichment” also known as behavioral enrichment, providing animals with challenges, opportunities, and stimulation that are species-appropriate...
C, D Sex distribution specifically in rodent and human studies. E, F Sample sizes in rodent and human studies that investigated both sexes and compared: i) opioid-exposed animals to controls (rodents, panel E); or ii) individuals with a diagnosis of opioid use disorder (OUD), or who ...
The importance of carrier-mediated bile acid transport in drug delivery is addressed. 展开 关键词: Active transport Bile acid transporter Drug delivery Intestinal absorption Liver transport DOI: 10.1016/0169-409X(95)00130-Y 被引量: 54 年份: 1996 ...
After cleaning, all items were placed back into the cages in the same position as before. During the first four weeks the mice were acclimatised to the presence of experimenters. Furthermore, video recording material was set up and tested on various occasions to habituate animals to the ...
Heroin is an opioid agonist commonly abused for its rewarding effects. Since its synthesis at the end of the nineteenth century, its popularity as a recreational drug has ebbed and flowed. In the last three decades, heroin use has increased again, and ye
In light of this, the focus of nanotoxicology research has shifted from phenomenological observations to developing novel in vitro, ex vivo, in silico, and combined strategies for mechanistic explorations; the technological advances also help reduce the use of animals in toxicity testing [15]. ...
The Bible Everything you need from the Bible in one discoverable place apiKey Yes Unknown Thirukkural 1330 Thirukkural poems and explanation in Tamil and English No Yes Yes Vedic Society Descriptions of all nouns (names, places, animals, things) from vedic literature No Yes Unknown Wolne Lektury...
When choosing between alternative mates, habitats, or food sources, animals usually only have partial, noisy information about the value of the options. Robust strategies for processing and integrating diverse sources of information are therefore central to decision-making in uncertain environments. In ...
the continuous use of antibiotics provides selective pressure to maintain and increase the emergence and dissemination of drug-resistant commensal and pathogenic bacteria, which may be transferred to both animals and humans3,4,5. This issue has become a global concern for human health. In addition,...
and its distribution in the cell is likewise influenced by insulin, albeit not as strongly. In addition, the relative efficacy with which GLUT1 or GLUT4 catalyze sugar transport is determined not only by the extent of the targeting of each transporter to the cell surface but also by their ki...