A Gini value of 0 means that everyone has the same amount of income and a Gini value of 1 means that 1 household has all the income. Using both income level and income inequality allowed us to capture a more complete picture of a community’s economic condition, as a community might be...
So while the gigantic size of the American economy counts in its scoring, so too does unequal access to the wealth it produces. When judged by accepted measures like theGini coefficient, income inequality in the U.S. has risen markedly over the past 30 years. By the...
The following covariates were included in our study: age, gender, body mass index (BMI), race/ethnicity, poverty ratio, cholesterol, creatinine, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), diabetes, ...
A high index value suggests a high degree of inequality. Mukoyama and Sahin (2009, p. 203) show a curve for the 90–10% residual wage inequality from 1970 to 2002, and we extended the Gini index to the time window 1977 to 2022 based on the author's figure. We use the recession ...
Gini Index Score 0.54 0.45 0.44 0.47 Neighborhood Disparity in Poverty 18.79 7.10 7.65 9.92 Racial Disparity in Poverty 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.14 Social Equity Score 71 Metric County U.S. PeerGroup State Disability Employment Gap 0.66 0.57 0.61 0.60 Gender Wage Gap 0.87 0.78 0.79 0.79 Segregation Ind...
robert l. coleman, gini f. fleming, mark f. brady, elizabeth m. swisher, karina dahl steffensen, michael friedlander, aikou okamoto, kathleen n. moore, noa ben-baruch, theresa l. werner, n.g. cloven, ana oaknin, paul disilvestro, mark a. morgan, joo-hyun nam, charles a. leath, ...
b, The Gini index is computed to measure relative disparities among the racial/ethnic groups (Black, white, Asian, Native American and Hispanic or Latino). The trends in both indices are similar to that measured by CoV (Fig. 4): racial/ethnic disparities in exposure to air pollution ...
Gini Index Score 0.44 0.45 0.44 0.47 Neighborhood Disparity in Poverty 0.12 7.10 7.65 9.92 Racial Disparity in Poverty 0.23 0.13 0.14 0.14 Social Equity Score 80 Metric County U.S. PeerGroup State Disability Employment Gap 0.99 0.57 0.61 0.60 Gender Wage Gap 0.70 0.78 0.79 0.79 Segregation Inde...
The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) was used to measure consolidation, and the Gini coefficient was used to measure MO distribution across counties. Multivariable linear regression explored factors associated with MO practice consolidation.#Between 2015 and 2022, the number of MOs increased by 14.5% ...
split- the splitting index, eithergini(the default) orinformation. Ifparmsis specified, any of the components can be specified or omitted. The defaults will be used for missing components. cost a vector of non-negative costs, containing one element for each variable in the model. Defaults to...