Mechanosensitive ion channels (MSCs) convert mechanical signals into electrochemical signals, which are essential for almost all mammalian cells1. The urinary system is important in the regulation of water and salt metabolism, the maintenance of acid-base balance, and hormone production2,3,4. As key...
The lower urinary tract (LUT) is a muscular system comprising the bladder, an outflow tract composed of the bladder neck, urethra, and internal and external urethral sphincters. From: Scientific Advances in Reconstructive Urology and Tissue Engineering, 2022 ...
(A) Hematoxylin- and eosin-labeled section of the bladder wall from a sheep. The mucosa consists of the thin, densely labeled urothelium and the lighter suburothelium. Detrusor smooth muscle s shown in pink; a large vein is shown bottom left. (B) Diagram showing the components...
This algorithm does not require a labeled dataset or pre-training of offline models, it can dynamically construct isolation trees online for any batch of data. First, the 23 inter-experiment metrics value for each experiment in the cohort were integrated into a two-dimensional matrix. Then, the...
plasma [11]. Liver and kidney are major organs that maintain homeostasis in blood and urine reflects any alterations. It should be noted that the earliest described urinary biomarkers are from the field of nephrology [12,13]. Thus, analysis of urinary proteins as biomarkers is of great ...
Assays of molecular biomarkers in urine are non-invasive compared to other body fluids and can be easily repeated. Based on the hypothesis that the secreted markers from the diseased organs may locally release into the body fluid in the vicinity of the i
Although less robust, circulating ca- thodic antigens may be detected in the urine or serum samples using labeled monoclonal antibodies [34]. The PCR of parasite DNA in a urine sample (sensitivity 84 %, specificity 97 %) may prove useful in post-chemotherapy surveillance [35]. Treatment In...
Hypertension can cause damage to a variety of organs, especially the kidney; renal impairment eventually leads to renal failure, which seriously threatens patients’ lives [21]. In hypertension, renal damage is mainly characterized by glomerular sclerosis which is caused by the accumulation of ...
system [sis´tem] 1. a set or series of interconnected or interdependent parts or entities (objects, organs, or organisms) that act together in a common purpose or produce results impossible by action of one alone. 2. an organized set of principles or ideas. adj., adj systemat´ic...
We have recently reported that administration of thin graphene oxide (GO) sheets in the systemic circulation of rodents leads to rapid urinary excretion for the majority of injected dose and accumulation by the reticuloendothelial system organs for the remaining dose. In this study, graphene oxide ...