While some scholars have argued that urbanization worsens income inequality, others contend that the relationship is non-linear and dependent on the stage of development. In this regard, Sub-Saharan Africa remains largely understudied. This paper employed an unbalanced panel dataset for 48 Sub-Saharan...
To demonstrate the infeasibility for most developing countries of relying on fiscal measures to contain income inequality, Fig. 1 plots expenditure on social protection as a share of GDP as well as the urbanization rate against GDP per capita. The plots and fitted lines indicate that both expendit...
First, urbanization has a significant effect on reducing both poverty of rural residents and poverty of migrating peasants, and, consequently, has a positive effect on narrowing the rural鈥搖rban income/consumption gap. Urban labor markets play an important role in this effect. Second, urbanization...
cause of urban-rural income inequality;and that urbanization hasn't given full scope to the function of cities supporting countryside,but is gradually enlarging the urban-rural income inequality.Finally,it gives some advice on how to reduce the urban-rural income inequality based on China's ...
Rapid urbanization in China has led to inefficient use of urban land and spatial structure disorder, attracting attention from academia and society. Taking the Yangtze River Delta, China as an example, this study constructed an index evaluation system th
Urban-rural income disparityUrbanizationChemical fertilizer applicationDynamic panel data modelThreshold effectIncome inequality is undoubtedly a potential economic and social risk for any country in the world. For China, the improvement in agricultural production capacity and the steady progress of ...
This has contributed to economic growth and development, as urban centers become hubs for innovation, trade, and investment. However, rapid urbanization has also led to challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, high unemployment rates, and income inequality. Many people move to cities in search ...
income inequality and an imbalance in regional development have emerged as two of the most disturbing factors affecting contemporary China. This paper examines regional disparities in contemporary China and their changing trends and magnitude, based on a time series analysis of data sets for income and...
Urbanization plays a crucial role in the economic development of every country. The mutual relationship between the urbanization of any country and its economic productive structure is far from being understood. We analyzed the historical evolution of pr
While urbanization can lead to poverty reduction through increased employment opportunities and access to services, it also exacerbates income inequality. Cities often house both the ultra-rich and the desperately poor, leading to stark socio-spatial disparities. The informal sector, which absorbs much ...