Only studies providing quantitative data for IFA during bipolar or laser transurethral prostate surgery were considered relevant for the review. A total of 15 studies were merged in a qualitative synthesis (Fig. 1). Due ...
Introduction: Multiple studies have shown significant heating of fluid within the urinary collecting system with high-power laser settings. Elevated fluid temperatures may cause thermal injury and tissue damage unless appropriately m...
For example, previous studies indicate an interaction between adenosine A1 receptor (A1R) and delta opioid receptor (DOR) in analgesia[2] and cardioprotection[3]. Moreover, A1R has also been shown to be involved in the development of opioid dependence[4]. A1R and DOR both belong to the G ...
原 The patient position, port placement and robot docking position were as we described in previous studies . The patient was placed in a lateral position (~60°) with the affected side facing upward (Figure 1A) aft...