A sample is used in statistics as an analytic subset of a larger population. Using samples allows researchers to conduct timely their studies with more manageable data. Randomly drawn samples do not have much bias if they are large enough, but achieving such a sample may be expensive and time...
A“variable” in algebra really just means one thing—an unknown value. However, in statistics, you’ll come across dozens of types of variables. In most cases, the word still means that you’re dealing with something that’s unknown, but—unlike in algebra—that unknown isn’t always a ...
This means the same thing as: f(x) = 2x + 4; solve for f(x) when x = 2.More examples: Evaluating a Function.Why Use Function Notation?So, if y and f(x) mean the same thing, why use function notation at all? It might seem arbitrary to use f(x) or g(x) instead of y, ...
Tay used those threads as a means of data mining to influence its output. Although this incident was at least partially caused by intentional sabotage from users, it illustrates how discrimination can take form in the data that is increasingly being put to work in our day-to-day lives....
Below are a few significant hypothesis tests that are employed in inferential statistics.Z Test When data has a normal distribution and a sample size of at least 30, the z test is applied to the data. When the population variance is known, it determines if the sample and population means ...
‘true zero’ means there are no negative values for the scale being considered, as in the height of a person being -100cm which is invalid. The Celsius scale is said to have ‘no true value’ because negative values are actually valid for the Celsius temperature scale. For instance , ...
In descriptive statistics, univariate data analyzes only one variable. It is used to identify characteristics of a single trait and is not used to analyze any relationships or causations. For example, imagine a room full of high school students. Say you wanted to gather the average age of the...
This means that whether you’ve used up your total deductible in the past year or not, at the start of next year, the amount will restart to what is stated in the plan. To better comprehend what a deductible is and how it works, let’s take a look at an example. ...
So, you understand the different types of data, what you can learn from them, and how to graph them—how else can you use this knowledge? In statistics, the type of variable greatly determines which kinds of analyses you can perform. Read the following posts to learn how to choose a sta...
Similar types of questions apply to the other test statistics too. To interpret individual values of a test statistic, we need to place them in a larger context. Towards this end, let me introduce you to sampling distributions for test statistics!