While it remains unclear whether these factors originate from senescent cells in the central nervous system (CNS) or peripheral blood and tissues, they suggest the presence of senescent cell accumulation in patients. This section reviews current evidence linking brain cell senescence to AD pathology, ...
Schulz, JB, Borkert, J, Wolf, S, Schmitz-Hubsch, T, Rakowicz, M, Mariotti, C (2010) Visualization, quantification and correlation of brain atrophy with clinical symptoms in spinocerebellar ataxia types 1, 3 and 6. Neuroimage 49: pp. 158-68...
Ependymal cells produce CSF (cerebrospinal fluid), which is located within the ventricles of the brain and in the subarachnoid space that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. Aside from allowing the brain to float in the skull, CSF acts as a cushion against traumaand also helps wash away some...
We used brain single-cell data28 to define brain cell type gene profiles in both the AD and the normal brain. Several DEGs found in cfRNA analysis of AD plasma are brain cell type specific (P < 10−5, hypergeometric test). Astrocyte-specific genes include those that encode filament...
Genome-wide association studies have discovered hundreds of loci associated with complex brain disorders, but it remains unclear in which cell types these loci are active. Here we integrate genome-wide association study results with single-cell transcrip
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a disease that causes muscles in the body to get weaker and smaller. There are five types. Which one a case falls in depends on the age when symptoms started and which development milestones were reached. The most severe form, known as type 0, is very ...
Multiple system atrophy also usually progresses much faster than Parkinson’s disease.Like Parkinson’s disease, multiple system atrophy typically is marked by toxic clumps of the protein alpha-synuclein in the brain. Formerly, multiple system atrophy has been known as Shy-Drager syndrome, olivoponto...
strength and mobility deteriorate in spinal muscular atrophy. The spinal cord and the lower part of the brain contain these nerves. They are unable to convey impulses from the brain to the muscles, which would allow them to move. Because the muscles are not used, they shrink (or atrophy)....
You may hear a doctor or nurse call this “atrophy.” When this happens, you lose control over movements. It gets harder to walk, talk, swallow, and breathe. Each kind of motor neuron disease affects different types of nerve cells or has a different cause. ALS is the most common of ...
Structure of muscle tissue Skeletal muscle Sarcomere Connective tissues of muscle Gross anatomy Visceral striated muscle Cardiac muscle Pacemaker cells and innervation Smooth muscle Smooth-muscle-like cells Clinical correlations Dermatomyositis and polymyositis Muscular dystrophy Muscle atrophy ...