Another kind of cell death, the pyroptosis, is induced by Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Shigella flexneri and the lethal toxin of Bacillus anthracis. Therefore, recently scientists utilize cytotoxic properties of bacterial toxins for designing novel anti-tumor drugs....
There are about six billion 0.01 μ m micropores on the wall of ultrafiltration membrane silk pipe every meter. The pore diameter only allows water molecules, beneficial minerals and trace elements to pass through, while the minimum bacterial volume is above 0.02 μ M. therefore, bacteria and c...
Examples of immunological tests include:Agglutination tests - Examples of agglutination tests include the bacterial agglutination test, the particulate agglutination test and the latex agglutination test among others. Through these tests, it becomes possible to identify agglutinations (clumping) as a result...
Pathogens may use the body's nutrients to replicate and attack cells, cause an overactive immune response, or secrete toxins that cause further injury to the body. The next sections will take a closer look into each type of pathogen and what diseases they cause. Bacteria and Bacterial ...
and TNFβ (LTα). Th1 cytokines stimulate macrophages, lymphocytes, and PMNs in the destruction of bacterial pathogens. These cytokines also help foster the development of cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTL & NK cells) that are responsible for the cell-mediated immune response against viruses and tumor cel...
The diarrhea arises as a result of bacterial toxins (enterotoxins) that inflame the stomach lining and cause water to be “dumped” into the lumen of the bowel from the bloodstream and tissue spaces. This is known as secretory diarrhea. Other types of bacteria invade the cells, destroy it ...
If you have acute inflammation, you may know exactly what caused it: an injury or a bacterial or viral illness. The causes of chronic inflammation can be harder to figure out. Among the things that can cause chronic inflammation are:
These can include diverse adaptations such as sharp fangs or claws, the use of toxins, and the ability to escape predators by burrowing below ground, or flying away into inaccessible areas of trees. Some animals are even capable of protecting themselves via the use of coloration. In the wild...
yeast infections,bacterial vaginosis,urinary tract infection, irritable bowelsyndrome, antibiotic-related diarrhea,traveler's diarrhea, diarrhea resulting fromClostridium difficile, treatinglactose intolerance, skin disorders (fever blisters,eczema,acne, andcanker sores), and prevention of respiratory infections....
The food-borne toxin tests include tests for mycotoxins, marine biotoxins, bacterial toxins, and other natural toxins and allergens. These are used in food and animal feedstuff for export health certification and import control. Molecular Biology and GMO Analysis ...