Type 2C protein phosphatases directly regulate abscisic acid-activated protein kinases in Arabidopsis.I LC-MS SnRK2protein phosphorylationPYR1Abscisic acid (ABA) signaling is important for stress responses and developmental processes in plants. A subgroup of protein phosphatase 2C (group A PP2C) or ...
Plants fight pathogen attack via a complex immune system that includes basal and highly specific defense responses1,2,3. The first line of defense against the vast majority of potential pathogens is termed pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI)1,2. To circumvent PTI,...
While the PP2C phosphatase is a kind of serine/ threonine residues of protein phosphatase, is the largest protein phosphatase family in higher plants, there are 76 family members, widely exists in living organisms. So far, four kinds of PP2C protein phosphatases have been found in plants. ...
PYR/PYL/RCAR6,7. The identification of a cytosolic ABA receptor (PYR/PYL/RCAR) revealed the core component of ABA signaling inArabidopsis8,9. The core ABA signaling component consists of three different proteins, including PYR/PYL/RCAR, clade A type 2C protein phosphatase (PP2C), and ...
Abscisic acid inhibits type 2C protein phosphatases via the PYR/PYL family of START proteins Science, 324 (2009), pp. 1068-1071 CrossrefView in ScopusGoogle Scholar 10 N. Nishimura, A. Sarkeshik, K. Nito, S.Y. Park, A. Wang, P.C. Carvalho, S. Lee, D.F. Caddell, S.R. Cutler...
(iii) the passenger proteins are secreted directly into the extracellular medium without the formation of periplasmic intermediates; (iv) the secretion signal recognized by these secretion systems are located at the C-terminus of the secreted protein; (v) in general, the secretion signal is not ...
Protein phosphatases in higher plants: multiplicity of type 2A phosphatases in Arabidopsis thaliana. Two DNA fragments, AP-1 and AP-2, encoding amino acid sequences closely related to Ser/Thr protein phosphatases were amplified from Arabidopsis thaliana g... J.P. Ario,E Pérez-Callejón,N Cunill...
The genome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa contains at least three genes encoding eukaryotic-type Ser/Thr protein kinases, one of which, ppkA, has been implicated in P. aeruginosa virulence. Together with the adjacent pppA phosphatase gene, they belong to the
this activity. This domain is distinct from the ExoS ribosyltransferase domain.(b)The amino terminus of theprotein kinaseYpkA (Yersinia) has homology to eukaryotic serine/threonine kinase catalytic domains I–XI.(c)SopB contains domains homologous to mammalianinositol4-phosphatases (motifs 1 and 2)...
Type-2 phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP2) a member of PAP2 superfamily mediates the conversion of phosphatidic acid (PA) to diacylglycerol (DAG) and thus plays a pivotal role in numerous cellular signaling processes in diverse organisms. An elevated le