Most people with type 2 diabetes sooner or later end up on insulin--even if they follow their treatment program faithfully. If insulin improves control, it can actually prevent complications. Severe hypoglycemia is rare in people with type 2 diabetes. In addition, long-acting, once-daily ...
Insulin, a hormone produced by pancreatic β-cells, has a primary function of maintaining glucose homeostasis. Deficiencies in β-cell insulin secretion result in the development of type 1 and type 2 diabetes, metabolic disorders characterized by high levels of blood glucose. Type 2 diabetes mellitu...
Nutritional excess is a major forerunner of type 2 diabetes. It enhances the secretion of insulin, but attenuates insulin's metabolic actions in the liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. However, conflicting evidence indicates a lack of knowledge of the timing of these events during the devel...
To study whether insulin resistance in Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus is due to a defect in the expression of the insulin-responsive glucose transporter gene (GLUT-4) in human skeletal muscle, we measured the level of GLUT-4 mRNA and (in some of the subjects) its protein...
S. et al. Dietary supplementation with inulin-propionate ester or inulin improves insulin sensitivity in adults with overweight and obesity with distinct effects on the gut microbiota, plasma metabolome and systemic inflammatory responses: a randomised cross-over trial. Gut 68, 1430–1438 (2019). ...
Type 2 diabetes is a lifelong disease that keeps your body from using insulin the way it should. People who are middle-aged or older are most likely to get this kind of diabetes. It used to be called adult-onset diabetes or diabetes mellitus. But type 2 diabetes also affects kids andtee...
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. In obese individuals, adipose tissue releases increased amounts of non-esterified fatty acids, glycerol, hormones, pro-inflammatory cytokines and other factors that are involved in the development of insu...
Insulin resistance, impaired early insulin response, and insulin propeptides as predictors of the development of type 2 diabetes: a population-based, 7-yea... Insulin resistance,impaired early insulin response,and insulin propeptides as predictors of the development of type 2 diabetes:a population...
Type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM), which is characterized by insulin resistance (IR), hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, is a comprehensive dysfunction of metabolism. The insulin receptor (INSR)/phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway is well acknowledged as a predominant pathway associat...
In the originally proposed model, type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome are not due to primary alterations in insulin secretion or action, but to maladaptation of the innate immune system to environmental threats. In the short term, innate immunity provides a survival advantage, allowing the ...