TWSTRS, the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale is a widely accepted composite rating scale for cervical dystonia (CD) with subscales for clinical severity, functional disability, and associated pain. Studies evaluating the clinimetric properties of TWSTRS have demonstrated substantial ...
Objective: Investigate the drivers for change in Toronto Western Spasmodic Rating Scale (TWSTRS) scores in subjects with cervical dystonia (CD) following an injection of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A).Background: The TWSTRS is a composite of 3 subscales (Severity, Disability and Pain) th...