Temperature and time inactivation kinetics as determined from viability PCR for EhV-86 treated at 60 °C, 80 °C, and 100 °C for 10 min, 20 min, 40 min, and 60 min. A Weibull model was fitted to the data with R2 values of 0.93, 0.97 and 0.95, for the 60 °C, 80 °C, and...
Two-dimensional few-atom noble gas clusters in a graphene sandwich Direct observation of noble gas structures has been achieved at room temperature using electron microscopy. This was enabled by trapping them between two layers of graphene, where they form two-dimensional clusters. Manuel Längle ...
In order to prepare the body cell, silicone resin (SC3001) from Electrolube, UK was used. The base material of the resin was silicone (working temperature of up to 250 °C). The resin had a density of 1.04 g/cc with excellent optical clarity. The resin was first mixed with the curing...
Nt is typically on the order of 1011 to 1012 cm−2 depending on the temperature, requiring high excitation or energy input. Thus, it would be highly desirable to search for the possible existence of optical gain in the low-density regime, well below the MD, e.g., N ≪ Nm...
At that height, the temperature was about -40℃. After forty minutes Ewa woke up. She was still inside the storm. It was dark and hailstones were ___ past. They were as big as tennis balls. Finally, Ewa came out of the storm cloud and ___ towards a small farm and landed ___...
In detail, the frozen plasma fraction was thawed at room temperature on a roller mixer. After that, an aliquot of 0.5 ml was pipetted into a 2 ml centrifugation tube, and albumin was isolated by gradual precipitation with a saturated ammonium sulfate solution ac- cording to the protocol. ...
However, no significant differences in NH4+ and PO43− content, pH, salinity, and temperature were detected between the two areas (Figure S3). Mantel tests indicated that the composition of protist communities was significantly associated with both environmental and geographic factors. However, ...
proposed by Laughlin, this can explain not only the very existence of plateaus in the Hall conductivity as a function of the electron density, and the simultaneous vanishing of the magneto-conductivity, but also the quantization in integer units ofe2/h. The Chalker–Coddington network model is ...
Grapevine may be affected simultaneously by several pathogens whose complex interplay is largely unknown. We studied the effects of infection by two grapevine viruses on powdery mildew and downy mildew development and the molecular modifications induced
According to CD analysis, under calcium saturation, the enzyme had an increase of ≈5 °C in the transition temperature, indicating a gain of stability in the presence of the cation (Fig. 4a and Supplementary Fig. 4). SAXS data showed that the Ca2+ ion was responsible for decreasing ...