There are three main models that can be utilized pre-clinically for measuring and optimizing the delivery of gold nanoparticles. First, we have the two-dimensional monolayer tissue culture model, which involves single cells. For further complexity, the introduction of a three-dimensional spheroid mode...
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Lignin is a phenolic polymer and is one of the main components of secondary-thickened cell wall (CW) in vascular plants. Its chemical properties give strength, stiffness and hydrophobicity to the CW. Lignin provides mechanical support, modulates the transport of water and solutes through the vascul...
are presented inSection 11.3.The two-phase flow regimes and heat transfer characteristics for forced convective condensation and boiling are presented inSections 11.4and11.5, respectively. The chapter is closed by a discussion oftwo-phase flow, condensation, and boiling heat transfer in micro/miniature...
15 All the essential parameters and models have been chosen after rigorous benchmarking tests. More computational details and the results of the benchmarking tests are described in the Experimental procedures and Supplemental information sections. A total of 3,691 materials from C2DB possessing a ...
AR annotated the data and wrote sections of the manuscript. RCW helped in the design and carried out the cytological staging, and performed the Western analysis. JFF performed the statistical analysis. WZC and VW conceived of the study, participated in its design and coordination, and helped to...
Efflux is one of the main approaches used by bacteria to control internal metal ion concentrations, and several efflux systems have been described in bacteria. The P-type ATPases use ATP hydrolysis to promote ion transport and have been identified in efflux of both mono- and divalent cations ...
Pluripotent stem cells are basic cells with an indefinite self-renewal capacity and the potential to generate all the cell types of the three germinal layers. So far, the major source for pluripotent stem cells is the inner cell mass of the blastocysts: embryonic stem (ES) cells. Potential cl...
Four weeks later, we made whole-cell recordings of the adBNST or ovBNST neurons in the in vitro slices (Fig. 2a). The two dBNST cell populations were largely similar in their membrane properties except that the ovBNST neurons have far larger capacitance than their adBNST counterparts (...
The switch-independent 3 (SIN3)/histone deacetylase (HDAC) complexes play essential roles in regulating chromatin accessibility and gene expression. There are two major types of SIN3/HDAC complexes (named SIN3L and SIN3S) targeting different chromatin regions. Here we present the cryo-electron micr...