it is estimated that one-third of the world's population is currently infected with tb. the majority of those infected have latent tuberculosis (ltbi). following infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), the organism replicates, most commonly in the lung as the portal of entry, then ...
TB is most commonly a disease of the lung (pulmonary TB), but can present in any organ of the body (extrapulmonary TB). Miliary TB is the term used for TB that has spread into the bloodstream. Often TB first manifests in the lungs but then spreads via the blood and lymph to other ...
However he was convinced that the disease was caused by a bacterium and was infectious, tested his postulates using guinea pigs, and found the causative agent to be slow growing mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB is the second most common cause of death from infectious diseases after HIV/AIDS. Drug...
Currently there are several formulations such as PPD-S2 (Aplisol; JHP Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Rochester, USA) and Tubersol (Sanofi Pasteur Limited, Swiftwater, USA), which are mainly used in the US and Canada, and PPD RT23 (AJ Vaccines, Denmark) which is the most commonly used worldwide [...
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In most forms of the disease, the bacillus spreads slowly and widely in the lungs, causing the formation of hard nodules (tubercles) or large cheeselike masses that break down th
NK cells are essential components of the innate immune response and play a crucial defensive role in the early stages of MTB invasion [50]. NK cells are primarily derived from bone marrow and can secrete various cytokines, among which interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is one of the most important. Pr...
ADA activity measurement is a commonly used diagnos- tic biomarker for EPTB due to the stimulation of T-cell lymphocytes by mycobacterial antigens [20]. However, in our case report, the ADA levels are below the diagnostic threshold. A recent study from the American Heart Association observes ...
tuberculosis (MmpL3) that is not targeted by existing TB drugs, prompting evaluation of the activity during in vivo infection. As compound 3 exhibited a dose-dependent mycobactericidal effect in vitro, we analysed the effect of administration of this most potent compound to M. tuberculosis-...
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which most commonly affects the lungs. It is a well-known disease that has afflicted humans since ancient times. Although tremendous efforts have been made to control TB at global and national levels, approxima...
[2,3,4]. In India alone, 26% of global cases have been reported, the most significant number of TB cases for any individual country [5]. It is considered the second deadliest infection after COVID-19. This infection is prevalent in all age groups worldwide and is curable as well as ...